There are a number of backwaters/estuaries/inlets/sounds in
the lowland belt of Kerala State. Most of these water bodies are subjected to salinity
intrusion problems; some of them situated near the industrial complexes and
urban areas have pollution problems too. Based on an empirical relationship,
the fresh water requirements in different rivers to keep salinity to tolerable
limits has been computed (PWD, 1974). The details are given below.
FRESH WATER DISCHARGES REQUIRED IN THE VARIOUS RIVERS FOR
ARRESTING SALINE INTRUSION
|
St No. |
NameofRiver |
Discharge of Fresh Water Required m3/sec |
Quantity of Fresh Water Required
During the Summer Period of Six Months Mm3 |
|
|
(1) |
(2) |
(3) |
(4) |
|
|
I. |
Manjeswar |
5.60 |
87 |
|
|
2. |
Uppala |
5.60 |
87 |
|
|
3. |
Shiriya |
5.60 |
87 |
|
|
4. |
Mogral |
5.60 |
87 |
|
|
5. |
Chandragiri |
5.60 |
87 |
|
|
6. |
Chittari |
5.60 |
87 |
|
|
7. |
Nileswar |
5.60 |
87 |
|
|
8. |
Kariangote |
5.60 |
87 |
|
|
9. |
Kavvayi |
5.60 |
87 |
|
|
10. |
Peruvamba |
5.60 |
87 |
|
|
11. |
Ramapuram |
5.60 |
87 |
|
|
12. |
Kuppam |
3.82 |
58 |
|
|
13. |
Valapattanam |
54.00 |
840 |
|
|
14. |
Anjarakandy |
22.05 |
343 |
|
|
15. |
Tellicherry |
5.60 |
87 |
|
|
16. |
Mahe |
9.50 |
148 |
|
|
17. |
Kuttiyadi |
29.40 |
457 |
|
|
18. |
Korapuzha |
5.60 |
87 |
|
|
19. |
Kallai |
3.06 |
48 |
|
|
20. |
Chaliyar |
23.60 |
367 |
|
|
21. |
Kadalundi |
5.60 |
87 |
|
|
22. |
Tirur |
22.05 |
343 |
|
|
23. |
Bharathapuzha |
22.05 |
343 |
|
|
24. |
Keecheri |
5.60 |
87 |
|
|
25. |
Puzhakkal |
5.60 |
87 |
|
|
26. |
Karuvannur |
9.50 |
148 |
|
|
27. |
Chalakudy |
41.20 |
642 |
|
|
28. |
Periyar |
26.00 |
404 |
|
|
29. |
Muvattupuzha |
20.30 |
316 |
|
|
30. |
Pallickal |
5.60 |
87 |
|
|
31. |
Kallada |
41.20 |
642 |
|
|
32. |
Ithikkara |
5.60 |
87 |
|
|
33. |
Ayroor |
5.60 |
87 |
|
|
34. |
Vamanapuram |
5.60 |
87 |
|
|
35. |
Mamom |
5.60 |
87 |
|
|
36. |
Karamana |
9.50 |
148 |
|
|
37. |
Neyyar |
8.82 |
125 |
|
Total 7,199
Some of the major backwaters and
natural fresh water lakes of Kerala are shown on the map.